Peptide profile
CJC-1295 with DAC
Long-acting GHRH analog for sustained GH release · also known as CJC-1295 DAC, DAC:GRF, Drug Affinity Complex Growth Hormone Releasing Factor
Compare CJC-1295 with DAC with other peptides →Summary
CJC-1295 with DAC is a synthetic, long-acting analog of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) that incorporates a Drug Affinity Complex (DAC) to dramatically extend its half-life. By binding covalently to serum albumin, it maintains sustained elevation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) for up to two weeks per injection. It is used in research settings to study GH secretion, body composition changes, and recovery processes.
- Typical dose
- 1–2 mg per week (research protocols often use ~1 mg once or twice weekly)
- Half-life
- ~6–8 days
- Route
- Subcutaneous, Intramuscular
- Cycle length
- 8–12 weeks, followed by a break of equal duration
Mechanism
How it works
CJC-1295 with DAC binds to and activates GHRH receptors on pituitary somatotroph cells, stimulating pulsatile release of growth hormone. The DAC moiety — a maleimidoproprionic acid (MPA) linker — reacts with a lysine residue on serum albumin via a Michael addition, creating a covalent bond that prevents rapid renal clearance and proteolytic degradation. This albumin binding extends the half-life to approximately 6–8 days, resulting in sustained, supraphysiologic GH and IGF-1 elevation compared to native GHRH.
Reported in research
Benefits
- Sustained elevation of endogenous growth hormone and IGF-1 levels over 1–2 weeks per dose
- Potential improvements in lean muscle mass and reductions in adipose tissue with prolonged use
- Enhanced recovery from exercise and tissue repair via IGF-1-mediated anabolic signaling
- Improved sleep quality and slow-wave sleep depth, which correlates with natural GH release patterns
Context, not a prescription
Dosing
- Typical range
- 1–2 mg per week (research protocols often use ~1 mg once or twice weekly) (Subcutaneous, Intramuscular)
- Cycle length
- 8–12 weeks, followed by a break of equal duration
- Half-life
- ~6–8 days
Safety
Side effects & contraindications
Possible side effects
- Water retention and mild edema, particularly in extremities
- Flushing and transient warmth or tingling at injection site
- Headaches, often occurring shortly after administration
- Potential for sustained GH elevation leading to joint pain or stiffness
- Hypoglycemia risk if combined with insulin sensitizers
- Possible suppression of natural GHRH pulsatility with prolonged use
Contraindications
- Active or history of hormone-sensitive cancers (GH and IGF-1 may promote tumor growth)
- Acromegaly or pre-existing GH hypersecretion disorders
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Diabetes mellitus or significant insulin resistance (GH can worsen glycemic control)
- Pediatric populations with open growth plates
Research information, not medical advice. Always consult a licensed clinician before considering any peptide.
In depth
Full profile
What it does
Over a cycle you may notice improved sleep depth, some initial water retention, gradual improvements in muscle fullness and recovery speed, and modest reductions in body fat — especially with consistent training and diet.
How it works
Think of natural GHRH as a text message that expires in seconds — your pituitary reads it and acts, but the message disappears quickly. CJC-1295 with DAC is like pinning a sticky note to a bulletin board (albumin in your blood) — the same message stays visible for days, so your pituitary keeps responding long after you sent it.
After you inject it under the skin, it gets absorbed into the bloodstream, latches onto albumin, and slowly releases the GHRH signal over days. Your pituitary gland responds by releasing growth hormone in pulses, which then triggers your liver to produce IGF-1. Both GH and IGF-1 work together to build muscle, burn fat, and support tissue repair.
What to expect
Most people report subtle changes in sleep quality and mild water retention within the first 1–2 weeks. Body composition changes typically take 6–8 weeks of consistent use to become noticeable.
- Week 1: Initial absorption and albumin binding; some people notice improved sleep and mild water retention.
- Weeks 2–4: GH and IGF-1 levels become consistently elevated; recovery from workouts may improve noticeably; water retention may peak then stabilize.
- Weeks 4–8: Body composition changes become more apparent: gradual lean mass gains and modest fat reduction, especially around the midsection with good diet and training.
Good to know
- Start with a lower dose (e.g., 1 mg/week) to assess tolerance before increasing
- Monitor for signs of water retention and reduce dose if symptoms are uncomfortable
- Consider pairing with Ipamorelin rather than GHRP-6 to minimize hunger and cortisol side effects
Staying safe
- Mild puffiness or water retention in hands, feet, or face
- Headache or flushing shortly after injection
- Tingling or numbness in the hands (carpal tunnel-like symptoms with high doses)
Avoid if you have:
- Anyone with cancer or a history of cancer
- People with diabetes or blood sugar regulation issues
- Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals
Mechanism of action
CJC-1295 with DAC is a 30-amino acid GHRH analog modified at position 2 (Ala→D-Ala), position 8 (Asn→Gln), position 15 (Gly→Ala), and position 27 (Met→Nle) to resist DPP-IV cleavage and oxidation. The C-terminal Lys is conjugated via a maleimidoproprionic acid (MPA) spacer (the DAC), which undergoes a Michael addition reaction with Cys-34 of serum albumin under physiological conditions, creating a covalent thioether bond. This extends the circulating half-life to approximately 6–8 days (t½ of native GHRH: ~7 minutes). Receptor binding at pituitary GHRH receptor (GHRHR), a Gs-coupled GPCR, activates adenylyl cyclase → cAMP → PKA signaling, phosphorylating CREB and stimulating transcription of the GH gene and stimulating exocytosis of somatotroph secretory granules. Prolonged GHRHR stimulation maintains elevated GH pulse amplitude while partially preserving pulsatility through endogenous somatostatin counter-regulation.
After subcutaneous injection, CJC-1295 DAC is absorbed into lymphatics and capillaries, where it rapidly conjugates to circulating albumin. Albumin-bound CJC-1295 acts as a slow-release reservoir: the intact peptide slowly dissociates and activates pituitary GHRHR over 1–2 weeks. GH secretion drives hepatic IGF-1 synthesis (IGF-1 t½ ~12–15 hours, further extended by IGF-binding proteins). Elevated IGF-1 activates PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 and MAPK/ERK pathways in skeletal muscle, promoting protein synthesis and satellite cell activation. Concomitant lipolysis in adipose tissue occurs via GH-mediated HSL activation, reducing triglyceride stores. GH also antagonizes insulin signaling at the post-receptor level, potentially worsening insulin sensitivity with prolonged supraphysiologic levels.
Pharmacodynamics
Albumin conjugation occurs rapidly post-injection (within hours). Peak serum GH elevation is typically observed within 2–6 hours of administration and remains supraphysiologically elevated for 7–14 days. IGF-1 elevation peaks at approximately 7–10 days post-injection and may persist for up to 28 days due to extended IGFBP-3 binding.
Pharmacodynamic effects include: increased lean body mass (estimated 1–2 kg over 8–12 weeks in research subjects), measurable reductions in visceral and subcutaneous fat, enhanced slow-wave sleep (Stage 3 NREM — site of maximal endogenous GH release), improved nitrogen balance, and accelerated collagen synthesis relevant to connective tissue repair. Serum IGF-1 elevations of 30–100% above baseline have been documented in clinical research.
Timeline
- Days 1–3: Rapid albumin conjugation; GH begins to rise within 2–6 hours. Possible early flushing, headache, and mild injection site reactions. Serum albumin-bound peptide concentration approaches plateau.
- Weeks 1–2: GH pulses are elevated in amplitude (2–10x baseline depending on dose). IGF-1 begins rising, peaking around day 7–10. Water retention becomes apparent. Nitrogen balance shifts positive. Sleep architecture may improve (increased SWS).
- Weeks 2–8: Sustained anabolic environment: measurable increases in lean mass via DEXA at 6–8 weeks in research settings; reductions in fat mass via lipolysis; potential joint discomfort from fluid retention; progressive improvements in recovery biomarkers. Endogenous somatostatin counterregulation partially restores GH pulsatility.
Comparisons
- CJC-1295 with DAC — effectiveness High, safety Moderate, cost $$, Medium to use
- CJC-1295 without DAC + Ipamorelin — effectiveness High, safety Good, cost $$, Low to use
- Sermorelin — effectiveness Moderate, safety Good, cost $, Low to use
- MK-677 (Ibutamoren) — effectiveness High, safety Moderate, cost $, High to use
Adverse effects
Common:
- Fluid retention due to GH-mediated renal sodium retention (can cause edema, hypertension at high doses)
- Headache and transient flushing from vasodilatory GH effects
- Insulin resistance: GH antagonizes insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) signaling, elevating fasting glucose in susceptible individuals
- Carpal tunnel syndrome-like symptoms from fluid accumulation in the carpal tunnel (reversible with dose reduction)
Rare:
- Pituitary desensitization (downregulation of GHRHR) with excessive continuous dosing — estimated risk increases significantly beyond 12 weeks of uninterrupted use
- Theoretical IGF-1-mediated promotion of pre-existing neoplastic lesions (incidence unknown; preclinical concern based on IGF-1 receptor signaling in cancer biology)
Contraindications & risk mitigation
Contraindicated in:
- Individuals with active neoplasia or hereditary cancer syndromes (Li-Fraumeni, MEN1) due to IGF-1/GH mitogenic activity
- Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus — GH-mediated insulin resistance may destabilize glycemic control
- Acromegaly or pituitary gigantism
- Severe renal or hepatic impairment affecting albumin synthesis or drug clearance
- Individuals on corticosteroid therapy (pharmacodynamic antagonism of GH effects)
- Dose titration: begin at 1 mg/week and assess IGF-1 levels at week 4; adjust to maintain IGF-1 in the upper physiologic range (~300–350 ng/mL) rather than supraphysiologic levels
- Cycle with equal off-time (e.g., 12 weeks on, 12 weeks off) to prevent GHRHR desensitization
- Monitor fasting glucose and HbA1c quarterly when cycling repeatedly
- Stack with Ipamorelin (GHSR agonist) rather than GHRP-6 to minimize ghrelin-mediated cortisol and prolactin elevation while maximizing GH pulse amplitude
Qué hace
Over a cycle you may notice improved sleep depth, some initial water retention, gradual improvements in muscle fullness and recovery speed, and modest reductions in body fat — especially with consistent training and diet.
Cómo funciona
Think of natural GHRH as a text message that expires in seconds — your pituitary reads it and acts, but the message disappears quickly. CJC-1295 with DAC is like pinning a sticky note to a bulletin board (albumin in your blood) — the same message stays visible for days, so your pituitary keeps responding long after you sent it.
After you inject it under the skin, it gets absorbed into the bloodstream, latches onto albumin, and slowly releases the GHRH signal over days. Your pituitary gland responds by releasing growth hormone in pulses, which then triggers your liver to produce IGF-1. Both GH and IGF-1 work together to build muscle, burn fat, and support tissue repair.
Qué esperar
Most people report subtle changes in sleep quality and mild water retention within the first 1–2 weeks. Body composition changes typically take 6–8 weeks of consistent use to become noticeable.
- Week 1: Initial absorption and albumin binding; some people notice improved sleep and mild water retention.
- Weeks 2–4: GH and IGF-1 levels become consistently elevated; recovery from workouts may improve noticeably; water retention may peak then stabilize.
- Weeks 4–8: Body composition changes become more apparent: gradual lean mass gains and modest fat reduction, especially around the midsection with good diet and training.
Bueno saber
- Start with a lower dose (e.g., 1 mg/week) to assess tolerance before increasing
- Monitor for signs of water retention and reduce dose if symptoms are uncomfortable
- Consider pairing with Ipamorelin rather than GHRP-6 to minimize hunger and cortisol side effects
Manteniéndose seguro
- Mild puffiness or water retention in hands, feet, or face
- Headache or flushing shortly after injection
- Tingling or numbness in the hands (carpal tunnel-like symptoms with high doses)
Evitar si tienes:
- Anyone with cancer or a history of cancer
- People with diabetes or blood sugar regulation issues
- Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals
Mecanismo de acción
CJC-1295 with DAC is a 30-amino acid GHRH analog modified at position 2 (Ala→D-Ala), position 8 (Asn→Gln), position 15 (Gly→Ala), and position 27 (Met→Nle) to resist DPP-IV cleavage and oxidation. The C-terminal Lys is conjugated via a maleimidoproprionic acid (MPA) spacer (the DAC), which undergoes a Michael addition reaction with Cys-34 of serum albumin under physiological conditions, creating a covalent thioether bond. This extends the circulating half-life to approximately 6–8 days (t½ of native GHRH: ~7 minutes). Receptor binding at pituitary GHRH receptor (GHRHR), a Gs-coupled GPCR, activates adenylyl cyclase → cAMP → PKA signaling, phosphorylating CREB and stimulating transcription of the GH gene and stimulating exocytosis of somatotroph secretory granules. Prolonged GHRHR stimulation maintains elevated GH pulse amplitude while partially preserving pulsatility through endogenous somatostatin counter-regulation.
After subcutaneous injection, CJC-1295 DAC is absorbed into lymphatics and capillaries, where it rapidly conjugates to circulating albumin. Albumin-bound CJC-1295 acts as a slow-release reservoir: the intact peptide slowly dissociates and activates pituitary GHRHR over 1–2 weeks. GH secretion drives hepatic IGF-1 synthesis (IGF-1 t½ ~12–15 hours, further extended by IGF-binding proteins). Elevated IGF-1 activates PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 and MAPK/ERK pathways in skeletal muscle, promoting protein synthesis and satellite cell activation. Concomitant lipolysis in adipose tissue occurs via GH-mediated HSL activation, reducing triglyceride stores. GH also antagonizes insulin signaling at the post-receptor level, potentially worsening insulin sensitivity with prolonged supraphysiologic levels.
Farmacodinamia
Albumin conjugation occurs rapidly post-injection (within hours). Peak serum GH elevation is typically observed within 2–6 hours of administration and remains supraphysiologically elevated for 7–14 days. IGF-1 elevation peaks at approximately 7–10 days post-injection and may persist for up to 28 days due to extended IGFBP-3 binding.
Pharmacodynamic effects include: increased lean body mass (estimated 1–2 kg over 8–12 weeks in research subjects), measurable reductions in visceral and subcutaneous fat, enhanced slow-wave sleep (Stage 3 NREM — site of maximal endogenous GH release), improved nitrogen balance, and accelerated collagen synthesis relevant to connective tissue repair. Serum IGF-1 elevations of 30–100% above baseline have been documented in clinical research.
Cronología
- Days 1–3: Rapid albumin conjugation; GH begins to rise within 2–6 hours. Possible early flushing, headache, and mild injection site reactions. Serum albumin-bound peptide concentration approaches plateau.
- Weeks 1–2: GH pulses are elevated in amplitude (2–10x baseline depending on dose). IGF-1 begins rising, peaking around day 7–10. Water retention becomes apparent. Nitrogen balance shifts positive. Sleep architecture may improve (increased SWS).
- Weeks 2–8: Sustained anabolic environment: measurable increases in lean mass via DEXA at 6–8 weeks in research settings; reductions in fat mass via lipolysis; potential joint discomfort from fluid retention; progressive improvements in recovery biomarkers. Endogenous somatostatin counterregulation partially restores GH pulsatility.
Comparaciones
- CJC-1295 with DAC — efectividad High, seguridad Moderate, costo $$, Medium de usar
- CJC-1295 without DAC + Ipamorelin — efectividad High, seguridad Good, costo $$, Low de usar
- Sermorelin — efectividad Moderate, seguridad Good, costo $, Low de usar
- MK-677 (Ibutamoren) — efectividad High, seguridad Moderate, costo $, High de usar
Efectos adversos
Comunes:
- Fluid retention due to GH-mediated renal sodium retention (can cause edema, hypertension at high doses)
- Headache and transient flushing from vasodilatory GH effects
- Insulin resistance: GH antagonizes insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) signaling, elevating fasting glucose in susceptible individuals
- Carpal tunnel syndrome-like symptoms from fluid accumulation in the carpal tunnel (reversible with dose reduction)
Raros:
- Pituitary desensitization (downregulation of GHRHR) with excessive continuous dosing — estimated risk increases significantly beyond 12 weeks of uninterrupted use
- Theoretical IGF-1-mediated promotion of pre-existing neoplastic lesions (incidence unknown; preclinical concern based on IGF-1 receptor signaling in cancer biology)
Contraindicaciones y mitigación de riesgos
Contraindicado en:
- Individuals with active neoplasia or hereditary cancer syndromes (Li-Fraumeni, MEN1) due to IGF-1/GH mitogenic activity
- Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus — GH-mediated insulin resistance may destabilize glycemic control
- Acromegaly or pituitary gigantism
- Severe renal or hepatic impairment affecting albumin synthesis or drug clearance
- Individuals on corticosteroid therapy (pharmacodynamic antagonism of GH effects)
- Dose titration: begin at 1 mg/week and assess IGF-1 levels at week 4; adjust to maintain IGF-1 in the upper physiologic range (~300–350 ng/mL) rather than supraphysiologic levels
- Cycle with equal off-time (e.g., 12 weeks on, 12 weeks off) to prevent GHRHR desensitization
- Monitor fasting glucose and HbA1c quarterly when cycling repeatedly
- Stack with Ipamorelin (GHSR agonist) rather than GHRP-6 to minimize ghrelin-mediated cortisol and prolactin elevation while maximizing GH pulse amplitude
Reference data
Specifications
- Molecular formula
- C₁₆₅H₂₆₉N₄₇O₄₆
- Molecular weight
- 3647.1 Da (approximate; varies by salt form)
- Half-life
- ~6–8 days
- Route
- Subcutaneous, Intramuscular
- Cycle length
- 8–12 weeks, followed by a break of equal duration
- Storage
- Lyophilized (powder) form: store at 2–8°C (refrigerated), protected from light and moisture; stable for up to 24 months. After reconstitution with bacteriostatic water: store at 2–8°C and use within 28–30 days. Do not freeze reconstituted peptide.
- Legal status
- Research chemical; not approved by the FDA or EMA for human therapeutic use. Banned by WADA in competitive sports. Legal to purchase for laboratory/research purposes in many jurisdictions; regulations vary by country.
FAQ
Common questions
Does the continuous GHRHR stimulation by CJC-1295 DAC blunt natural GH pulsatility?
Ionescu & Frohman (2006, JCEM 91:4792) demonstrated that despite continuous GHRHR stimulation, somatostatin-mediated counter-regulation partially preserves GH pulsatility. However, prolonged continuous stimulation beyond 12 weeks raises theoretical concerns about GHRHR downregulation, which is why cyclic protocols are recommended.
What is the clinical evidence base for CJC-1295 DAC?
Teichman et al. (2006, JCEM 91:799-805) conducted the key Phase 1/2 human trial demonstrating dose-dependent GH and IGF-1 elevation, extended half-life (~6-8 days), and tolerability in healthy adults. No Phase 3 trials have been completed, making this a human-limited evidence profile. All extrapolations to athletic or anti-aging applications remain off-label and research-grade.
How does CJC-1295 DAC compare pharmacokinetically to modified GRF (1-29) without DAC?
Modified GRF 1-29 (CJC-1295 without DAC) has a half-life of approximately 30 minutes, requiring daily or twice-daily injections. The DAC extends this to ~6-8 days via covalent albumin binding, allowing once-weekly dosing. The trade-off is a more physiologically constant (less pulsatile) GH signal, which may not fully replicate the anabolic benefit of pulsatile secretion.
What is the evidence level?
This compound is classified as Limited human data. Some human data exists but trials are small, short-term, or not yet replicated.
Research
Research & sources
Current evidence for CJC-1295 with DAC is rated as Limited human data. Limited human data is available.
- 1. Teichman SL et al. Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults (2006) — Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 91(3):799-805. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2005-1258
- 2. Ionescu M & Frohman LA. Pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog (2006) — Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 91(12):4792-4797. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-1702
- 3. Alba M et al. Once-monthly administration of CJC-1295, a long-acting growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog, normalizes growth in the GHRH knockout mouse (2006) — American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 291(6):E1290-4. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00201.2006
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