Overview
Binds IGF-1 receptors with high affinity, activating PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways for protein synthesis and differentiation.
Proposed mechanism
Long-R3 IGF-1 analog with reduced binding to IGF-binding proteins, leading to prolonged half-life and enhanced bioavailability.
What the evidence supports
Most data comes from preclinical animal studies. Human clinical trial evidence is limited or absent.
Graded Animal
Evidence drawn from in vivo animal models or in vitro systems. Mechanistically informative; translation to humans is unproven.
Key citations
Representative primary sources, including results that did not favour the compound.
- [1]
IGF-1 LR3 pharmacology
· DOI:10.1677/joe.0.1700473 · 2001
- [2]
IGF-1 and muscle growth
· DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.01119.2010 · 2011
- [3]
IGF-1 LR3 pharmacology (2001)
· · 0
- [4]
IGF-1 and muscle growth (2011)
· · 0
Citation records in this build are illustrative placeholders for the design.
Reference information for research purposes. Not medical advice, and not a recommendation to use any compound. Many entries describe substances that are not approved for human use.