Overview
Binds to receptors on fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and dermal papilla cells, upregulating growth factor expression.
Proposed mechanism
Tripeptide-1 (GHK) is a matrikine that signals extracellular matrix remodeling, activating fibroblasts and growth factor receptors.
What the evidence supports
Human data exists but the trials are small, short-term, or not yet replicated.
Graded Human-limited
Human data that exists but is thin: open-label work, single-arm studies, small cohorts, or observational follow-up without randomisation.
Key citations
Representative primary sources, including results that did not favour the compound.
- [1]
Tripeptide-1 skin effects
· DOI:10.1111/jocd.12075 · 2013
- [2]
Matrikines in aging
· DOI:10.1111/ics.12529 · 2019
- [3]
Tripeptide-1 skin effects (2013)
· · 0
- [4]
Matrikines in aging (2019)
· · 0
Citation records in this build are illustrative placeholders for the design.
Reference information for research purposes. Not medical advice, and not a recommendation to use any compound. Many entries describe substances that are not approved for human use.